Pain relievers and anti-inflammatories are medications used to alleviate pain and reduce inflammation in the body. They’re commonly used for various conditions such as headaches, muscle aches, arthritis, and injuries. Here are some types:

1. Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs): Ibuprofen, aspirin, and naproxen sodium are common NSAIDs. They work by blocking enzymes involved in the production of prostaglandins, which cause inflammation and pain.
2. Acetaminophen: This medication reduces pain and fever but doesn’t have significant anti-inflammatory effects. It’s often used for mild to moderate pain and is generally gentler on the stomach compared to NSAIDs.
3. Prescription NSAIDs: Stronger NSAIDs like diclofenac, meloxicam, and celecoxib might be prescribed for more severe pain or chronic conditions like arthritis. They also carry a higher risk of side effects.
4. Steroids: Corticosteroids like prednisone can be used to reduce inflammation and pain in more severe cases or in conditions like rheumatoid arthritis or lupus.

It’s crucial to use these medications as directed and not exceed the recommended dosage, as they can have side effects like stomach irritation, ulcers, increased risk of bleeding, and kidney or liver problems, especially with long-term use or at high doses. Always consult a healthcare professional before starting any new medication or if you have any concerns.